Is Iodine (Mineral Supplements, micrograms) compatible with breastfeeding? Do we have alternatives for Iodine (Mineral Supplements, micrograms)?

Iodine (Mineral Supplements, micrograms)

October 20, 2016 (Very Low Risk)

Nutritional trace element which is essential for many vital functions, including the synthesis of thyroid hormones and infant neurodevelopment (Leung 2011). A deficiency affects thyroid function and cognitive performance.

Iodine is a normal component of breastmilk (Leung 2011). Iodine supplementation increases iodine concentration in the nursing mother and breastmilk (Seibold-Weiger 1999, Mulrine 2010, Sukkhojaiwaratkul 2014, Huynh 2016).

In many regions of the world, including areas with high level of development, there is an iodine deficiency in humans, especially, among pregnant and nursing mothers. The addition of iodine to culinary salt is the most efficient way to prevent iodine deficiency in large populations, but according to countries and areas, it may be necessary to administer iodine supplements to pregnant and lactating mothers (Caron 2006, Donnay 2014, Nazeri 2015).

Recommended daily allowance from 100 to 150 micrograms for normal population that may be increased up to 250-300 micrograms during pregnancy and lactation, so most experts and health organizations recommend supplementation between 100 and 200 micrograms per day, depending on regions (Caron 2006, Mulrine 2010, Stagnaro-Green 2011, Leung 2011, Mackerras 2012, Donnay 2014).

Alternatives

We do not have alternatives for Iodine (Mineral Supplements, micrograms) since it is relatively safe.

Very Low Risk

Compatible. Not risky for breastfeeding or infant.

Low Risk

Moderately safe. Mild risk possible. Follow up recommended. Read the Comment.

High Risk

Poorly safe. Evaluate carefully. Use a safer alternative. Read the Comment.

Very High Risk

Not recommended. Cessation of breastfeeding or alternative.

Synonyms

  • Potassium Iodate (Mineral Supplements, Micrograms)
  • Potassium Iodide (Mineral Supplements, Micrograms)
  • Sodium Iodide (Mineral Supplements, Micrograms)

Writings

  • I2 (Molecular formula)
  • KI (Molecular formula)
  • KIO3 (Molecular formula)
  • NaI (Molecular formula)

Drug trade names

References

  1. Alexander EK, Pearce EN, Brent GA, Brown RS, Chen H, Dosiou C, Grobman WA, Laurberg P, Lazarus JH, Mandel SJ, Peeters RP, Sullivan S. 2017 Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association for the Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy and the Postpartum. Thyroid. 2017Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  2. Huynh D, Condo D, Gibson R, Makrides M, Muhlhausler B, Zhou SJ. Comparison of breast-milk iodine concentration of lactating women in Australia pre and post mandatory iodine fortification. Public Health Nutr. 2016Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  3. Nazeri P, Mirmiran P, Shiva N, Mehrabi Y, Mojarrad M, Azizi F. Iodine nutrition status in lactating mothers residing in countries with mandatory and voluntary iodine fortification programs: an updated systematic review. Thyroid. 2015Abstract
  4. Ares Segura S, Arena Ansótegui J, Díaz-Gómez NM; en representación del Comité de Lactancia Materna de la Asociación Española de Pediatría. La importancia de la nutrición materna durante la lactancia, ¿necesitan las madres lactantes suplementos nutricionales? [The importance of maternal nutrition during breastfeeding: Do breastfeeding mothers need nutritional supplements?] An Pediatr (Barc). 2015Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  5. Donnay S, Arena J, Lucas A, Velasco I, Ares S; Working Group on Disorders Related to Iodine Deficiency and Thyroid Dysfunction of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition. Iodine supplementation during pregnancy and lactation. Position statement of the working group on disorders related to iodine deficiency and thyroid dysfunction of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition. Endocrinol Nutr. 2014Abstract
  6. Bouhouch RR, Bouhouch S, Cherkaoui M, Aboussad A, Stinca S, Haldimann M, Andersson M, Zimmermann MB. Direct iodine supplementation of infants versus supplementation of their breastfeeding mothers: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2014Abstract
  7. Sukkhojaiwaratkul D, Mahachoklertwattana P, Poomthavorn P, Panburana P, Chailurkit LO, Khlairit P, Pongratanakul S. Effects of maternal iodine supplementation during pregnancy and lactation on iodine status and neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone. J Perinatol. 2014Abstract
  8. Mackerras DE, Eastman CJ. Estimating the iodine supplementation level to recommend for pregnant and breastfeeding women in Australia. Med J Aust. 2012Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  9. Lazarus JH. Pre-conception counselling in graves' disease. Eur Thyroid J. 2012Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  10. Comité de Lactancia Materna AEP. Preguntas frecuentes sobre lactancia materna. Folleto. 2012 Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  11. Leung AM, Pearce EN, Braverman LE. Iodine nutrition in pregnancy and lactation. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2011Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  12. Stagnaro-Green A, Abalovich M, Alexander E, Azizi F, Mestman J, Negro R, Nixon A, Pearce EN, Soldin OP, Sullivan S, Wiersinga W; American Thyroid Association Taskforce on Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy and Postpartum.. Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association for the diagnosis and management of thyroid disease during pregnancy and postpartum. Thyroid. 2011Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  13. Hall Moran V, Lowe N, Crossland N, Berti C, Cetin I, Hermoso M, Koletzko B, Dykes F. Nutritional requirements during lactation. Towards European alignment of reference values: the EURRECA network. Matern Child Nutr. 2010Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  14. Mulrine HM, Skeaff SA, Ferguson EL, Gray AR, Valeix P. Breast-milk iodine concentration declines over the first 6 mo postpartum in iodine-deficient women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  15. Abalovich M, Amino N, Barbour LA, Cobin RH, De Groot LJ, Glinoer D, Mandel SJ, Stagnaro-Green A. Management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and postpartum: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  16. Caron P, Glinoer D, Lecomte P, Orgiazzi J, Wémeau JL. [Status of iodine nutrition in France: prevention of iodine deficiency in pregnant and lactating women]. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2006Abstract
  17. Seibold-Weiger K, Wollmann H, Rendl J, Ranke M, Speer C. [Iodine concentration in the breast milk of mothers of premature infants]. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol. 1999Abstract