Is Theophylline compatible with breastfeeding? Do we have alternatives for Theophylline?

Theophylline

September 4, 2014 (Very Low Risk)

One case of nausea, vomiting and irritability has been described. However, theophylline has been used as treatment of apnea on premature babies.

It can enhance milk production by stimulating prolactin release.

Alternatives

Very Low Risk

Compatible. Not risky for breastfeeding or infant.

Low Risk

Moderately safe. Mild risk possible. Follow up recommended. Read the Comment.

High Risk

Poorly safe. Evaluate carefully. Use a safer alternative. Read the Comment.

Very High Risk

Not recommended. Cessation of breastfeeding or alternative.

Synonyms

  • 1,3-Dimethylxanthine

Drug trade names

References

  1. Athavale MA, Maitra A, Patel S, Bhate VR, Toddywalla VS. Development of an in vitro cell culture model to study milk to plasma ratios of therapeutic drugs. Indian J Pharmacol. 2013Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  2. Muresan M. Successful relactation--a case history. Breastfeed Med. 2011Abstract
  3. Amir LH, Pirotta MV, Raval M. Breastfeeding--evidence based guidelines for the use of medicines. Aust Fam Physician. 2011Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  4. National Asthma Education and Prevention Program Asthma and Pregnancy Working Group. Quick Reference from the Working Group Report on Managing asthma during pregnancy: recommendations for pharmacologic treatment-2004 update. 2004;1-12. 2004 Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  5. National Asthma Education and Prevention Program Asthma and Pregnancy Working Group. Managing asthma during pregnancy: recommendations for pharmacologic treatment-2004 update. 2004;1-57. 2004 Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  6. WHO / UNICEF. BREASTFEEDING AND MATERNAL MEDICATION Recommendations for Drugs in the Eleventh WHO Model List of Essential Drugs. Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development (WHO/UNICEF) 2002 Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  7. AAP - American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs. Transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk. Pediatrics. 2001Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  8. Nice FJ, Snyder JL, Kotansky BC. Breastfeeding and over-the-counter medications. J Hum Lact. 2000Abstract
  9. Bucher HU, Gautschi K. [Detection of caffeine, theophylline and theobromine in the umbilical cord blood and breast milk]. Helv Paediatr Acta. 1985Abstract